Indeed, during my second observation, which would occur during peak commuter hours, between 7:30 and 8:30 AM on a Thursday, I would see this process repeated 7 times. Trains would run more frequently and crowds would be thicker during this time. Where I estimated roughly 40 people at the most at any one time during my preliminary observation, the same station contained what I estimated to be 400 to 500 people at this time.
There was a sort of convergence of informal and formal behavior, with individuals tending to display pointed self-interest when descending to the train tracks and, conversely, tending to organize around the collective goal of descending in an orderly and safe manner. Indeed, all commuters appeared to know this process well and to actively engage it at their own respective paces.
I also noted that individuals all tended to carry items which pointed to their purpose. Most women carried purses as was expected. Some also carried valises indicating professional purposes. Students and younger travelers carrying knapsacks. Many men and some women carried briefcases indicating work purposes. Many others still carried all many of luggage, from wheeled suitcases with extending handles to army duffle bags. At one point, in fact, during my observation, five young men dressed in full military uniforms emerged from the South 15th flight of stairs. They proceeded to the sports bar.
This points to two phenomena which are interesting to observe while at the train station. The first denotes that roughly 30 seconds of peak population which occur each train pulls into the station. Here, an audible sound of the train squealing into the station can be heard. Seconds later, a stream of people will appear in a stairwell, with most immediately choosing and moving toward an exit. Some, like the...
Criminal Justice Research Overview- The authors of a research study examined 715 high school students in a large suburban area. They wished to define the relationship between a preference for heavy metal music and delinquency; controlling for parental and school related variables. The results showed that there was a statistically viable relationship when parental control was low; but no support between music preference and delinquency otherwise. In fact, they found it
In the experimental community, the researchers instituted a media campaign to increase seat-belt usage, followed by increased police enforcement of the seat-belt law. It was found that the percentage of drivers using seat belts increased in the experimental community but remained stable or declined slightly in the comparison community (Piquero and Piquero, 2002). An example of the before-and-after design would be the analysis of the impact of the Massachusetts Bartley-Fox
Criminal justice researchers are usually faced with numerous anecdotal data that is supported with relatively little to no empirical support. In order to effectively explore nuances of the issues that face the society with regards to law enforcement, criminal justice researchers tend to rely on empirical data, which is considered useful. The dependence on empirical data in criminal justice is evident in the fact that most of the existing criminology
Today, social science researchers have a wide range of research methods available for criminology and criminal justice applications, divided generally between quantitative and qualitative methods. Although quantitative and qualitative research methods share some commonalities with respect to their overarching objectives, there are some fundamental differences involved that must be taken into account when selecting an optimal research strategy for a given research enterprise. The purpose of this paper was to
The two should know better but their emotions got the best of them. In this case I would myself (or ask another person who knows the two) pull one of the two aside gently but firmly and ask that he take a deep breath and not cause commotion to the point where we all suffer. I would say, "Take a break guy, please cool your jets for a few moments
Criminal Justice For Possible Outcome 2, two groups in a population have been subjected to different treatments. One group served as the control group and was not given the opportunity to engage in an educational program that featured the study of human rights violations. However, the group was given course credit for watching a series of films on nature. The second group watched films that dealt with the Holocaust, Darfur,
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